SCAI Expert Consensus Statement on the Classification of Cardiogenic Shock
Endorsed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American Heart Association (AHA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)
Outcomes for patients with cardiogenic shock complicating MI have not significantly improved over the last 30 years despite the development of percutaneous mechanical circulatory support technologies and the national standard of emergent angioplasty and stenting.
SCAI convened a multi-disciplinary writing group comprised of leading experts in interventional and advanced heart failure, non-invasive cardiology, emergency medicine, critical care, and cardiac nursing to develop a classification system that will facilitate rapid assessment of patients, reassessment over time, and communication between providers.
The SCAI SHOCK pyramid is intended to provide clinicians and researchers with a unified and standardized vocabulary that will translate across all settings. Additionally, the system aims to facilitate recognition of risk for adverse outcomes, potential for benefit from various interventions and prognosis, with the goal of reducing mortality on an individual as well as a national scale.
- Read the document
- Download the stages of cardiogenic shock fact sheet
- Download the SCAI shock pyramid
Teaching Slides
Share the SCAI Shock classification system with your colleagues using these teaching slides designed for easy dissemination.
Bedside Checklist
Validation Studies
- “The Stages of CS: Clinical and Translational Update” (Baran, et al)
- “Complete Hemodynamic Profiling With Pulmonary Artery Catheters in Cardiogenic Shock Is Associated With Lower In-Hospital Mortality” (Kapur, et al)
- “Prospective validation of the SCAI shock classification: Single center analysis” (Baran, et al)
- “Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment and Classification of In-Hospital Mortality Risk Among Patients With Cardiogenic Shock” (Thayer, et al)
- “Understanding Cardiogenic Shock Severity and Mortality Risk Assessment” (Jentzer, et al)
- “SCAI shock classification in acute myocardial infarction: Insights from the National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative” (Hanson, et al)
- “Cardiogenic Shock Classification to Predict Mortality in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit” (Jentzer, et al)
- “Admission SCAI shock stage stratifies post-discharge mortality risk in cardiac intensive care unit patients” (Jentzer, et al)
- “Application of the SCAI classification in a cohort of patients with cardiogenic shock” (Westermann, et al)
- “SCAI cardiogenic shock classification after out of hospital cardiac arrest and association with outcome?”